What are Python's built-in data types

Python has several built-in data types, which can be categorized into the following groups:

1. Numeric Types

• int: Integer numbers (e.g., 5, -3, 1000)

• float: Floating-point numbers (e.g., 3.14, -0.001, 2.0)

• complex: Complex numbers (e.g., 3 + 4j, 1 - 2j)

2. Sequence Types

• str: Strings (immutable sequences of Unicode characters, e.g., "hello", 'Python')

• list: Mutable ordered sequences (e.g., [1, 2, 3], ['a', 'b', 'c'])

• tuple: Immutable ordered sequences (e.g., (1, 2, 3), ('a', 'b', 'c'))

• range: Immutable sequence of numbers (e.g., range(5), range(1, 10, 2))

3. Mapping Type

• dict: Key-value pairs (e.g., {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25})

4. Set Types

• set: Unordered, mutable collection of unique elements (e.g., {1, 2, 3})

• frozenset: Immutable version of set (e.g., frozenset({1, 2, 3}))

5. Boolean Type

• bool: Represents True or False

6. Binary Types

• bytes: Immutable sequence of bytes (e.g., b'hello')

• bytearray: Mutable sequence of bytes (e.g., bytearray(b'hello'))

• memoryview: Memory view of an object’s binary data

7. None Type

• None: Represents the absence of a value (e.g., x = None)

Examples:

# Numeric
num_int = 42
num_float = 3.14
num_complex = 2 + 3j

# Sequence
text = "Hello, Python!"
my_list = [1, 2, 3]
my_tuple = (4, 5, 6)
my_range = range(5)

# Mapping
person = {"name": "Alice", "age": 30}

# Set
my_set = {1, 2, 3}
my_frozenset = frozenset({4, 5, 6})

# Boolean
is_valid = True

# Binary
data = b"binary"
byte_data = bytearray(b"bytes")

# None
empty_value = None

These built-in data types are fundamental to Python programming and are used to store and manipulate different kinds of data efficiently.